IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROJECT BASED LEARNING DALAM MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA SMPN 178 JAKARTA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47662/pedagogi.v11i2.1203Kata Kunci:
Critical Thinking, Project-Based Learning (PjBL), Junior High School (SMP)Abstrak
Pendidikan abad ke-21 menuntut siswa untuk menguasai keterampilan berpikir kritis guna menghadapi tantangan global. Namun, hasil studi PISA 2022 menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa Indonesia, khususnya di jenjang Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP), masih di bawah rata-rata global. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi implementasi model Project Based Learning (PjBL) sebagai solusi inovatif untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa SMP. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif dan desain studi kasus eksploratif, penelitian ini menganalisis penerapan PjBL di SMPN 178 Jakarta, dengan fokus pada tantangan dan peluang yang dihadapi oleh guru dan siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PjBL efektif dalam mendorong siswa untuk berpikir kritis melalui proses pemecahan masalah, analisis, dan presentasi hasil. Meskipun terdapat kendala seperti waktu terbatas dan perbedaan kemampuan siswa, PjBL mampu meningkatkan motivasi dan kemandirian belajar. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi praktis bagi pendidik dan pemangku kebijakan dalam mengoptimalkan penggunaan PjBL untuk meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran di Indonesia.
Referensi
Almulla, M. A. (2020). The Effectiveness of Project-Based Learning in Developing Critical Thinking Skills. International Journal of Instruction, 13(4), 329-346.
Bell, S. (2010). Project-Based Learning for the 21st Century: Skills for the Future. The Clearing House, 83(2), 39–43.
Bell, S. (2010). *Project-Based Learning for the 21st Century: Skills for the Future*. The Clearing House, 83(2), 39-43.
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches (4th ed.). Sage.
Dwyer, C. P., Hogan, M. J., & Stewart, I. (2014). An Integrated Critical Thinking Framework for the 21st Century. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 12, 43–52.
Facione, P. A. (2015). Critical Thinking: What It Is and Why It Counts. Insight Assessment.
Hattie, J. (2017). *Visible Learning: A Synthesis of Over 800 Meta-Analyses Relating to Achievement*. Routledge.
Hmelo-Silver, C. E. (2004). Problem-Based Learning: What and How Do Students Learn? Educational Psychology Review, 16(3), 235–266.
Kemendikbudristek. (2022). Panduan Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka. Jakarta: Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
Kokotsaki, D., Menzies, V., & Wiggins, A. (2016). Project-Based Learning: A Review of the Literature. Improving Schools, 19(3), 267-277.
Krajcik, J. S., & Blumenfeld, P. C. (2006). Project-Based Learning. In The Cambridge Handbook of the Learning Sciences (pp. 317–334). Cambridge University Press.
Krajcik, J. S., & Blumenfeld, P. C. (2006). Project-Based Learning. In R. K. Sawyer (Ed.), The Cambridge Handbook of the Learning Sciences (pp. 317-334). Cambridge University Press.
Larmer, J., Mergendoller, J., & Boss, S. (2015). Setting the Standard for Project Based Learning. ASCD.
Mergendoller, J. R., & Thomas, J. W. (2017). Managing Project-Based Learning: Principles from the Field. Buck Institute for Education.
Mullis, I. V. S., Martin, M. O., Foy, P., & Hooper, M. (2020). TIMSS 2019 International Results in Mathematics and Science. TIMSS & PIRLS International Study Center.
OECD. (2023). PISA 2022 Results: Creative Thinking. OECD Publishing.
Piaget, J. (1950). The Psychology of Intelligence. Routledge.
Rahmawati, Y., Ridwan, A., & Hadinugrahaningsih, T. (2021). Developing Critical Thinking Skills in the 21st Century: Challenges and Opportunities in Science Education. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1806(1), 012–021.
Rosfiani, O., Nuraini, A., Fauziah, I. N., Ubaidillah, M. A., Zahroh, S. F. T, Zahro., & Faturrahman, R. (2025). Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar PKN Materi Musyawarah Siswa Kelas II di SDS An-Nuriyah. JPK
(Jurnal Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan), 10(1). http://journal.umpo.ac.id/index.php/JPK/article/view/10826
Rosfiani, O., Nuraini, A., Fauziah, I. N., Ubaidillah, M. A., Zahroh, S. F. T, Zahro., & Faturrahman, R. (2025). Penelitian Tindakan Kelas:: Problem Based Learning dapat Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar PKn Materi Musyawarah Siswa Kelas II di SDS Annuriyah. Indonesian Research Journal on Education, 151). https://www.irje.org/irje/article/view/1684
Rosfiani, O., Nuraini, A., Fauziah, I. N., Ubaidillah, M. A., Zahroh, S. F. T, Zahro., & Faturrahman, R. (2025). Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar PKN Materi Musyawarah Siswa Kelas II di SDS An-Nuriyah. JPK (Jurnal Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan), 10(1). http://journal.umpo.ac.id/index.php/JPK/article/view/10826
Rosfiani, O., Nuraini, A., Fauziah, I. N., Ubaidillah, M. A., Zahroh, S. F. T, Zahro., & Faturrahman, R. (2025). Penelitian Tindakan Kelas:: Problem Based Learning dapat Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar PKn Materi Musyawarah Siswa Kelas II di SDS Annuriyah. Indonesian Research Journal on Education, 151). https://www.irje.org/irje/article/view/1684
Rosfiani, O., Syafitri, F. S., Alamsyah, N. A. P., Suparjo, K. F., & Ramadhan, A. (2025). Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Project Based Learning terhadap hasil belajar IPA siswa kelas V Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Al-Munawwaroh Kota Tanggerang. Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research, 5(1). https://j-innovative.org/index.php/Innovative/article/view/17983
Rosfiani, O., Syafitri, F. S., Alamsyah, N. A. P., Suparjo, K. F., & Ramadhan, A. (2025). Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Project Based Learning terhadap hasil belajar IPA siswa kelas V Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Al-Munawwaroh Kota Tanggerang. Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research, 5(1). https://j-innovative.org/index.php/Innovative/article/view/17983
Rosfiani, O., Wahyuni, S., Irawan, M. D., Nurdianto, W., & Guna, A. P. M. (2024). Problem-Based Learning in Civics Education (PKN): A Classroom Action Research in Indonesia. EDUTREND: Journal of Emerging Issues and Trends in Education, 1(3). https://rcsdevelopment.org/index.php/edutrend/article/view/303
Rosfiani, O., Wahyuni, S., Irawan, M. D., Nurdianto, W., & Guna, A. P. M. (2024). Problem-Based Learning in Civics Education (PKN): A Classroom Action Research in Indonesia. EDUTREND: Journal of Emerging Issues and Trends in Education, 1(3). https://rcsdevelopment.org/index.php/edutrend/article/view/303
Rosfiani, O., Wardoyo, V. A., Fajriani, N., Putri, . Z., & Heryana, R. M. (2025). Upaya meningkatkan kemampuanpemecahan masalah matematika menggunakan model problem solving di MI Nurul Falah. Pedagogi: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, 11(1). https://siakad.univamedan.ac.id/ojs/index.php/pedagogi/article/view/936
Rosfiani, O., Wardoyo, V. A., Fajriani, N., Putri, . Z., & Heryana, R. M. (2025). Upaya meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika menggunakan model problem solving di MI Nurul Falah. Pedagogi: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, 11(1). https://siakad.univamedan.ac.id/ojs/index.php/pedagogi/article/view/936
Savery, J. R. (2015). Overview of Problem-Based Learning: Definitions and Distinctions. Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning, 9(1).
Suryani, N., et al. (2020). PjBL Implementation in Southeast Asia: Challenges and Solutions. Journal of Southeast Asian Education, 5(1), 45-60.
Thomas, J. W. (2000). A Review of Research on Project-Based Learning. The Autodesk Foundation.
Thomas, J. W. (2000). A Review of Research on Project-Based Learning. Autodesk Foundation.
Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in Society: The Development of Higher Psychological Processes. Harvard University Press.
Wahyudi, A., & Nurlaeli, N. (2022). PjBL dan Berpikir Kritis Siswa SMP: Studi Kasus di Jawa Barat. Jurnal Pedagogik, 10(1), 1-15.
Wena, M. (2019). Strategi Pembelajaran Inovatif Kontemporer. Bumi Aksara.
Wurdinger, S., & Qureshi, M. (2015). Enhancing College Students’ Life Skills through Project-Based Learning. Innovative Higher Education, 40(3), 279-286.
Yin, R. K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods. Sage
Unduhan
Diterbitkan
Cara Mengutip
Terbitan
Bagian
Lisensi
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Okta Rosfiani, Syahputra Panduwardana, Desya Asyifa Yelviani, Nurul Wafa, Naila Syafa Fatayaturrohmah
Artikel ini berlisensi Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
